Padishah Khatun
Safwat al-Din Khatun, otherwise known as Padishah Khatun, was a member of the Mongol nobility during the Kutlugh-Khanid dynasty when Mongols ruled in Persia.[1][2][3][4] She was born in the Persian province of Kirman. She was a known as a great beauty, and as a poet, who married twice. Her first husband was Abaka Khan, who died shortly after he inherited rule of Persia, in 1282. Her second husband was one of Abaka Khan`s sons, Gaykhatu. When Gaykhatu, in turn, inherited rule of Persia, in 1291, he made Padishah the ruler of Kirman the province of her birth.
Padishah`s half-brother Suyurghatamish had ruled Kirman after Padishah`s mother; she had him imprisoned after she took power, and when he tried to escape she had him murdered.[2][3][4]
When her husband, Gaykhatu, died in 1295, Padishah was killed by factions allied with her half-brother.[2][3][4]
Padishah earned mention in the travel diary of Venetian traveler, Marco Polo, a contemporary of Padishah.[5] He described her as “an ambitious and clever woman, who put her own brother Siyurgutmish to death as a rival.”
References
- ↑ "Women and Islam". The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e2510. Retrieved 2012-06-23. "No woman held religious titles in Islam, but many women held political power, some jointly with their husbands, others independently. The best-known women rulers in the premodern era include ... six Mongol queens, including Kutlugh Khatun (thirteenth century) and her daughter Padishah Khatun of the Kutlugh-Khanid dynasty;"
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Guida Myrl Jackson-Laufer (1999). Women Rulers Throughout the Ages: An Illustrated Guide. ABC-CLIO. p. 319. ISBN 9781576070918. http://books.google.ca/books?id=x3BzmTdQLioC&pg=PA319&lpg=PA319&dq=Padishah+Khatun&source=bl&ots=U4gPozuzVl&sig=Ee3JHWzALZ-JSQs3ps3xvQ8CiR0&hl=en&sa=X&ei=hMblT5HRIJK90QGg8InrCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Padishah%20Khatun&f=false. Retrieved 2012-06-23.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Ann K. S. Lambton (1988). Continuity and Change in Medieval Persia: Aspects of Administrative, Economic, and Social History, 11th-14th Century. SUNY Press. ISBN 9780887061332. http://books.google.ca/books?id=lQjkJOUcVIwC&pg=PA286&lpg=PA286&dq=Padishah+Khatun&source=bl&ots=5g8g_1sffH&sig=_i_ShUa1UVlb8_yHdYeIGslOSnw&hl=en&sa=X&ei=hMblT5HRIJK90QGg8InrCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Padishah%20Khatun&f=false. Retrieved 2012-06-23.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Padishah Khatun (Safwat al-Din Khatun): 13th Century". Women in World History. http://www.womeninworldhistory.com/heroine13-1.html. Retrieved 2012-06-23.
- ↑ Marco Polo. The Travels of Marco Polo. ISBN 9781607788652. http://books.google.ca/books?id=1emXJemW-jgC&pg=PT455&lpg=PT455&dq=Padishah+Khatun&source=bl&ots=n4_H4ozDnj&sig=x9YHDvf4ZaBzrjXLcwF0VgTN31U&hl=en&sa=X&ei=hMblT5HRIJK90QGg8InrCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Padishah%20Khatun&f=false. Retrieved 2012-06-23. "The Mongols allowed this family to retain the immediate authority, and at the time when Polo returned from China the representative of the house was a lady known as the Padishah Khatun [who reigned from 1291], the wife successively of the ilkhans Abaka and Kaikhatu, an ambitious and clever woman, who put her own brother Siyurgutmish to death as a rival, and was herself, after the decease of Kaikhatu, put to death by her brother's widow and daughter."
