List of human phenotypes
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Below is a list of human phenotypes.[1]
Contents
Phenotypes
Negroid
Australoid
Caucasoid
Mongoloid
Amerindian
Typologies
Typologies of human phenotypes include:[2]
- Knussmann (1996)[3]
- Lundman (1988)[4]
- Alexeev (1979)[5]
- Debets (1974)[6]
- Vogel (1974)[7]
- Vallois (1968)[8]
- Biasutti (1967)[9]
- Czekanowski (1967)[10]
- Lundman (1967)[11]
- Cole (1965)[12]
- Drexel (1955)[13]
- Eickstedt (1952)[14]
- Cheboksarov (1951)[15]
- Coon, Garn, Birdsell (1950)[16]
- Hooton (1946)[17]
- Lundman (1943)[18]
- Biasutti (1941)[19]
- Eickstedt (1937)[20]
- Montandon (1933)[21]
- Klimek (1932)[22]
- Haddon (1925)[23]
- Kleinschmidt (1922)[24]
- Gregory (1921)[25]
- Giuffrida-Ruggeri (1912/13)[26][27]
- Biasutti (1912)[28]
- Bonarelli (1909)[29]
- Sergi (1908)[30]
- Schurtz (1903)[31]
- Deniker (1900)[32]
- Brinton (1890)[33]
- Deniker (1889)[34]
- Flower (1885)[35]
- Haeckel (1873)[36]
- Müller (1873)[37]
- Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire (1860)[38]
- Zeune (1846)[39]
- Morton (1839)[40]
- Broc (1836)[41]
- Fischer (1829)[42]
- Bory (1827)[43]
- Lesson (1827)[44]
- Desmoulins (1826)[45]
- Malte-Brun (1812)[46]
- Blumenbach (1806)[47]
- Virey (1801)[48]
- Erxleben (1777)[49]
- Hunter (1775)[50]
- Müller (1773)[51]
- Linné (1758)[52]
- Bernier (1684)[53]
References
- ↑ HumanPhenotypes.net
- ↑ Typologies. HumanPhenotypes.net. Accessed on May 2021.
- ↑ Knussmann, R. 1996. Vergleichende Biologie des Menschen: Lehrbuch der Anthropologie und Humangenetik. 2ed. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag.
- ↑ Lundman, B. 1988. Jordens folkstammar. Huddinge.
- ↑ Alexeev, V. P. 1979. The Differential Geography of Races. In: Stini, W. A. Physiological and Morphological Adaptation and Evolution. De Gruyter.
- ↑ Debets, G. 1974. Essay on the Graphical Presentation of the Genealogical Classification of Human Races. In: Bromley, Y. Soviet Ethnology and Anthropology Today. Mouton & Co.
- ↑ Vogel, C. 1974. Biologie in Stichworten V, Humanbiologie, Menschliche Stammesgeschichte - Populationsdifferenzierung Ferdinand Hirt. Kiel.
- ↑ Vallois, H. V. 1968. Las races humaines. 7 Ed. Grammont.
- ↑ Biasutti, R. 1967 (1941). Le Razze e i Popoli della terra. 4th Ed. Vol 1-4. U.T.E.T., Torino.
- ↑ Czekanowski, J.. 1967. Cz owiek w czasie i przestrzenie. Pa stwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. Warsaw.
- ↑ Lundman, B. 1967. Geographische Anthropologie. Rassen und Völker der Erde. G. Fischer, Stuttgart.
- ↑ Cole, S. 1965. Races of Man. Butler & Tanner Ltd. Frome and London.
- ↑ Drexel, A. 1955. Die Völker der Erde. 2nd Ed. Akademie Verlag. Zürich.
- ↑ Eickstedt, E. von. 1952. Die prioritätsgerechten Bezeichnungen der menschlichen Varitäten. In: Historia Mundi. Band 1, Munich, 223-226.
- ↑ Cheboksarov, N.N.. 1951. Osnovnyje printsipy antropologicheskikh klassifikatsij. TIE. 16.
- ↑ Coon, C. S., Garn, S. M. and Birdsell, J. B. 1950. Races: a Study of Race formation in Man. Charles C. Thomas. Springfield.
- ↑ Hooton, E.A. 1946. Up from the Ape. Rev. ed. Macmillan Company . New York.
- ↑ Lundman, B. 1943. Jordens Människoraser och Folkstammar. Nybloms Förlag, Uppsala.
- ↑ Biasutti, R. 1941. Le Razze e i Popoli della terra. 1st Ed. Vol 1-3. U.T.E.T., Torino.
- ↑ Eickstedt, E. von. 1937. Geschichte der anthropologischen Namengebung und Klassifikation. In: Zeitschrift für Rassenkunde. Band 5, 209-282, Band 6, 36-96, 151-210.
- ↑ Montandon, G. 1933. La race, les races: mise au point d éthnologie somatique. Payot. Paris.
- ↑ Klimek, St. 1932. Terytorja antropologiczne. Prace Geogr. 15. Lwow / Warzawa.
- ↑ Haddon, A.C.. 1925. The Races of Man and their distribution. Cambridge at the University Press. London.
- ↑ Kleinschmidt, O. 1922. Realgattung Homo Sapiens. Eine naturgeschichtliche Monographie des Menschen. In: Beraja, Zoographia infinita. Halle.
- ↑ Gregory, W. 1921. Conspectus of the species and chief races of Hominidae. J. Dental Resreach 3. 178-197.
- ↑ Giuffrida-Ruggeri, V. 1913. Homo sapiens. Einleitung zu einem Kurse der Anthropologie. Wien.
- ↑ Giuffrida-Ruggeri, V. 1912. Schema di Classificazione degli hominidae attuali. Arch. per l'A. e l'Etn. XLII.
- ↑ Biasutti, R. 1912 Studi di Antropogeografia Generale. I Studi sulla distribuzione dei caratteri e dei tipi antropologici. Mem. Geogr. 6. Firenze.
- ↑ Bonarelli, G. 1909. Le Razze umane e le loro probabili affinità. Bull. Soc. Geogr. Ital. 66. 953-979.
- ↑ Sergi, G. 1908. Di una classificatione razionale dei gruppi umani. Att Soc. Ital. progr. Sci. Rome.
- ↑ Schurtz, H. 1903. Völkerkunde. Leipzig and Wien.
- ↑ Deniker, J., 1900, The Races of Man: An Outline of Anthropology and Ethnography. Books for Libraries Press. Freeport, NY.
- ↑ Brinton, D. G. 1890. Races and Peoples. Lectures on the science of ethnography. Philadelphia.
- ↑ Deniker, J. 1889. Essai d'une classification des races humaines basée uniquement sur les caractères physiques. Bull. Soc. d'A. 3 (12). 320-336.
- ↑ Flower, H. W. 1885. On the Classification of the varieties of the human species. J. Anthr. Inst. 14. 378-395.
- ↑ Haeckel, E. 1873. Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte. 4. Berlin.
- ↑ Müller, F. 1873. Allgemeine Ethnographie. Wien.
- ↑ Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, I. 1860. Sur la classification anthropologique et particulièrement sur les types principaux du genre humain. Mém. Soc. d'Anthr, 1. 125-144. Paris.
- ↑ Zeune, A. 1846. Über Schädelbildung zur festern Begründung der Menschenrassen. Berlin.
- ↑ Morton, S. G. Crania Americana. 296. Philadelphia.
- ↑ Broc, P. P. 1836. Essai sur les Races Humaines. Paris.
- ↑ Fischer, J. B. 1829. Synopsis Mammalium. Stuttgart.
- ↑ Bory de Saint-Vincent, M. 1827. L'Homme (Homo). Essai Zoologique sur le Genre Humain. 2nd Ed. Paris.
- ↑ Lesson, R.-P. 1827. Manuel de Mammologie, ou Historie Naturellle des Mammifères. Paris.
- ↑ Desmoulins, A. 1826. Historie Naturelle des Races Humaines du Nord-Est de l'Europe, de l'Asie Boréale et Orientale, et de l'Afrique Australe. Paris.
- ↑ Malte-Brun, K. 1812. Précis de la Géographie Universelle ou Description de Toutes les Parties du Monde, sur un Plan Noveau. 1. Paris.
- ↑ Blumenbach, J. F. 1806. Beyträge zur Naturgeschichte. Göttingen.
- ↑ Virey, J. J. 1801. Histoire Naturelle du Genre Humain. 2 Vol. Paris.
- ↑ Erxleben, J. C. P. 1777. Systema Regni Animalis per Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Varietates cum Synonymia et Historia Animalium. Leipzig.
- ↑ Hunter, J. 1775. Disputatio inauguralis quaedam de hominum varietatibus et harum causes, exponens. Diss. Edinburgh.
- ↑ Müller, P. L. S. 1773. Des Ritters Carl von Linné, Könglich Schwedischen Leibarztes vollständiges Natursystem. Von den säugenden Thieren. Nürnberg.
- ↑ Linné, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae. 10 Ed.1 Holmiae.
- ↑ Bernier, F. 1684. Nouvelle divison de la Terre pour les différentes espèces ou races d'hommes qui l'habitent. Journal des sçavans. 133-140.